Which term describes the larger, complex molecules being broken down in catabolism?

The term that describes larger, complex molecules being broken down in catabolism is "polymers." Polymers are large molecules composed of repeated subunits known as monomers. In the context of catabolism, these large polymers can include proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. During the catabolic process, enzymes break down these complex structures into simpler monomers, allowing the body to release energy and create smaller molecules that can be used for various metabolic processes.

While proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates are specific types of polymers, the term "polymers" encompasses all of them as a broader category of complex molecules. This is why identifying the correct terminology related to biological processes is important in understanding how these macromolecules are metabolized within the body.