Where are the nail plate cells formed?

The nail plate cells are formed in the nail matrix, which is located under the base of the nail, specifically hidden beneath the cuticle area. The matrix produces new keratinocytes, which are the building blocks of the nail, allowing it to grow. As these cells multiply and mature, they ultimately push older cells forward toward the fingertip, resulting in the visible nail plate. The health and function of the nail matrix are crucial, as any injury or damage to this area can significantly impact nail growth and appearance.

The nail fold is the skin that surrounds and supports the nail but does not produce nail cells. The nail bed is the skin under the nail plate that supports it but is not involved in the formation of new cells. The hyponychium refers to the area of skin underneath the free edge of the nail, providing protection but not generating nail plate cells. Therefore, the nail matrix is the key area where nail plate cells are produced, making it the correct answer.