What is the term for the process that combines smaller molecules to form larger, more complex molecules?

The process that combines smaller molecules to form larger, more complex molecules is known as anabolism. Anabolism is a set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units, and it often requires energy. This process is essential for growth, reproduction, cellular repair, and the synthesis of complex macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, which are crucial for life.

The other options relate to different metabolic processes: catabolism refers to breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy in the process. Metabolism encompasses all biochemical reactions occurring in the body, including both anabolic and catabolic pathways. Synthesis, while it describes the act of combining elements, is not as specific as anabolism, which specifically denotes the building phase of metabolism. Understanding these terms helps clarify the distinction between the building and breaking down of biological molecules, emphasizing why anabolism is the correct term for this particular process.